After a period of 3 months of research, a cheap and widely available drug Dexamethasone has proved that it can help in saving the lives of patients seriously ill with coronavirus.
The low-dose steroid treatment Dexamethasone drug is now proving to be a major breakthrough in the fight against the deadly virus that researchers have been looking for. Dexamethasone has been part of the world’s biggest trial testing existing treatments to see if they also work for coronavirus. According to researchers in UK where this drug has been under trail since March say that the drug can cut the risk of death by a third for patients on ventilators especially for those on oxygen where it has proved to reduce deaths by a fifth.
Had the drug had been used to treat patients in the UK from the start of the pandemic, up to 5,000 lives could have been saved, researchers say. It could be of huge benefit in poorer countries with high numbers of Covid-19 patients.
UK’s National Health Service says UK government has 200,000 courses of the dexamethasone drug in its stock pile and will make the drug available to patients.
The British Premier Boris Johnson said this was a genuine case to celebrate “a remarkable British scientific achievement”, adding: “We have taken steps to ensure we have enough supplies, even in the event of a second peak.”
The drug combination that may help us beat Covid-19.
About 19 out of 20 patients with coronavirus recover without being admitted to hospital. Of those who are admitted, most also recover but some may need oxygen or mechanical ventilation. These are the high-risk patients which dexamethasone appears to help. The drug is already used to reduce inflammation in a range of other conditions, including arthritis, asthma and some skin conditions.
And it appears to help stop some of the damage that can happen when the body’s immune system goes into overdrive as it tries to fight off coronavirus. This over-reaction, a cytokine storm, can be deadly.
How was the drug tested?
In the trial, led by a team from Oxford University, about 2,000 hospital patients were given dexamethasone and compared with more than 4,000 who were not and according to the results, the drug proved to cut the risk of death from 40% to 28% in patients on ventilators. For patients needing oxygen, it cut the risk of death from 25% to 20%.
Chief investigator Prof Peter Horby said: “This is the only drug so far that has been shown to reduce mortality – and it reduces it significantly. It’s a major breakthrough.” Lead researcher Prof Martin Landray said the findings suggested one life could be saved for: every eight patients on a ventilator. every 20-25 treated with oxygen. “There is a clear, clear benefit,” he said.
What is the cost of Dexamethasone treatment?
“The treatment is up to 10 days of dexamethasone and it costs about £5 per patient.
“So essentially it costs £35 to save a life. “This is a drug that is globally available.”
When should Dexamethasone drug be administered or taken by a person suffering from Coronavirus / COVID-19
When appropriate, hospital patients should now be given it without delay, Prof Landray said. However, people should not go out and buy it to take at home. Dexamethasone does not appear to help people with milder symptoms of coronavirus who do not need help with their breathing.
The NIHR-supported RECOVERY trial has shown that dexamethasone, a steroid, significantly reduces the risk of dying from #COVID19 for seriously ill patients requiring respiratory intervention – a major breakthrough
The Recovery Trial, running since March, also looked at the malaria drug hydroxychloroquine, which has subsequently been ditched amid concerns it increases fatalities and heart problems.
The antiviral drug remdesivir, meanwhile, which appears to shorten recovery time for people with coronavirus, is already being made available on the NHS. The first drug proven to cut deaths from Covid-19 is not some new, expensive medicine but an old, cheap-as-chips steroid.
That is something to celebrate because it means patients across the world could benefit immediately. And that is why the top-line results of this trial have been rushed out – because the implications are so huge globally.
Dexamethasone has been used since the early 1960s to treat a wide range of conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. Half of all COVID-19 patients who require a ventilator do not survive, so cutting that risk by a third would have a huge impact.
The drug is given intravenously in intensive care and in tablet form for less seriously ill patients. So far, the only other drug proven to benefit COVID-19 patients is remdesivir, which has been used for Ebola. That has been shown to reduce the duration of coronavirus symptoms from 15 days to 11. But the evidence was not strong enough to show whether it reduced mortality. Unlike dexamethasone, remdesivir is a new drug with limited supplies and a price has yet to be announced.
Britain is one of the countries that has the highest number of Cooronavirus death with over 41000 people dead and close to 300000 people testing positive for COVID-19
